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Secure Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange with AES Encryption in Python: A Step-by-Step Guide

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In modern cryptography, secure communication over an insecure network is crucial. One of the most widely used methods to achieve this is the Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Exchange , which allows two parties to establish a shared secret key without transmitting it directly. However, this key exchange mechanism alone does not provide encryption. To ensure confidentiality, we can use AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) to encrypt and decrypt messages using the shared key. This guide will walk you through implementing a secure Diffie-Hellman key exchange in Python, followed by using the exchanged key for AES encryption and decryption . By the end of this tutorial, you'll have a solid understanding of how to: Generate a shared secret key securely using Diffie-Hellman . Derive a symmetric key from the shared secret using SHA-256 . Encrypt and decrypt messages using AES in CBC mode Step 1: Install Required Libraries pip install pycryptodome The pycryptodome library provides AES encryption fu...

Passwordless Authentication in Spring Boot with Azure AD – Complete Guide

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This guide covers the implementation of passwordless authentication in a Spring Boot application using Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) , allowing users to authenticate via Magic Link, OTP, or Biometric authentication instead of traditional passwords. 1. Project Setup Add Dependencies in pom.xml We will use Spring Security , OAuth2 Client , and Azure AD Starter for authentication. < dependencies > <!-- Spring Boot Web --> < dependency > < groupId > org.springframework.boot </ groupId > < artifactId > spring-boot-starter-web </ artifactId > </ dependency > <!-- Spring Security --> < dependency > < groupId > org.springframework.boot </ groupId > < artifactId > spring-boot-starter-security </ artifactId > </ dependency > <!-- OAuth2 Client for Azure AD --> < dependency > < groupId > org.sprin...

Angular on Azure App Service & Spring Boot Microservices on AKS with CI/CD, Helm, Azure DevOps, Prometheus, Grafana & Log Analytics: End-to-End Deployment

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This diagram represents the end-to-end deployment workflow of an Angular frontend and Spring Boot microservices on Azure using Azure DevOps, Kubernetes, Helm, Prometheus, and Grafana . Key Flow: Code Development & Push: Developer writes Angular & Spring Boot code and pushes it to GitHub . CI/CD with Azure DevOps: GitHub triggers a CI/CD pipeline in Azure DevOps, which builds the project and pushes the Docker image to Azure Container Registry (ACR) . Deployment: Spring Boot microservices are deployed on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) using Helm . The Angular frontend is deployed on Azure App Service . Monitoring & Logging: Prometheus collects metrics from AKS and sends them to Grafana for visualization. Azure Monitor & Log Analytics track logs and alerts. This ensures automated deployments, monitoring, and logging for a production-ready cloud environment. End-to-End Deployment Guide Overview This guide covers the complete deployment of: Angular on Azure App S...

Project Loom, Panama & Valhalla: The Future of Java Performance

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Java has been continuously evolving to enhance performance, concurrency, and native interoperability. Three groundbreaking projects— Loom, Panama, and Valhalla —are set to revolutionize how developers write and optimize Java applications. Project Loom → Improves concurrency with lightweight virtual threads . Project Panama → Enhances Java’s interop with native code (C, C++, etc.) and vector operations. Project Valhalla → Introduces value types to optimize memory and performance. 1. Project Loom – Concurrency Revolution Traditional Java threads are heavyweight and managed by the OS. Loom introduces virtual threads , which are lightweight and managed by the JVM itself. Key Features of Loom: Virtual Threads → Thousands of threads with minimal overhead. Structured Concurrency → Manages multiple tasks efficiently. Scalable Concurrency → Suitable for web servers, async processing, and microservices. Example: Creating Virtual Threads public class LoomExample { public static vo...

Python Flask Azure AI Text Analytics: Sentiment Analysis, Entity Recognition & Language Detection

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This guide walks you through building a Python Flask REST API that integrates with Azure AI Text Analytics to perform Sentiment Analysis, Entity Recognition, and Language Detection from scratch. You'll learn how to: ✅ Set up Azure AI Text Analytics ✅ Implement Flask REST APIs for text processing ✅ Analyze sentiment, detect entities, and identify languages ✅ Test with Postman & cURL ✅ Deploy the API to Azure App Service Prerequisites Before starting, ensure you have: An Azure Subscription ( Sign up for free ) An Azure AI Text Analytics resource Python 3.x installed on your machine A virtual environment (recommended) Required Python packages ( flask , azure-ai-textanalytics , requests ) Step 1: Set Up Azure Text Analytics 1.1 Create Azure Cognitive Services Resource Go to Azure Portal → Search for Cognitive Services . Click Create → Select Text Analytics . Copy the Endpoint and API Key from the Keys and Endpoint section. Step 2: Install Required Dependencies Run the fo...

Spring Boot Microservices Authentication & Authorization with Okta – Secure JWT Implementation

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Explanation of the Architecture Diagram This diagram represents a Spring Boot microservices authentication and authorization system using Okta . User requests access through the API Gateway . The API Gateway routes the request and validates JWT tokens . If authentication is needed, the request goes to the Authentication Service . The Authentication Service communicates with Okta for authentication via OAuth 2.0 & OpenID Connect . Okta returns a JWT token to the User . The User includes the JWT token in subsequent requests. The API Gateway validates the token and forwards authorized requests to the microservices (Service 1 & Service 2). 1. Overview In a microservices architecture, authentication and authorization are critical. Instead of implementing security in each service separately, we can use a centralized authentication service with Okta to issue JWT tokens that other services can verify. 2. Architecture API Gateway → Routes requests & validates authentic...